HLA-compatibility

Numerous of failures in-vitro fertilization may be due to immune disorders in the body of the spouses. One of the most common immune disorders is identical HLA-antigens wife and husband.

 

Therefore, couples who have already made several unsuccessful IVF attempts, it is often recommended to be tested for HLA-compatibility, which make it possible to establish the degree of "incompatibility". Thus, HLA-typing will clarify the causes of infertility and to decide on further treatment strategy of the couple.

Genetic compatibility between husband and wife on HLA

Any of the gene can be represented in thousands of options, called genetics and immunology alleles varied mix that make possible the variability of genetic combinations. It is the identity of alleles and indicate genetic compatibility or incompatibility between two people.

Child acquires one typed gene from the father and the mother. The similarity of spouses in terms of histocompatibility creates a "similarity" with the mother tissues of the embryo. This similarity is the reason that the immune system of women are not active, and reactions necessary for conception or pregnancy maintenance, do not start. As a result of embryo implantation is suppressed immune mothers. Often infertility or recurrent miscarriage pregnancy is the result of the genetic characteristics of the couple.

Necessary research

To determine the degree of histocompatibility women and men carried HLA-typing for class I and II. Both spouses for the study takes blood from a vein. Matches identified in the study, reported on a form analysis of HLA - typing.

Decipher this analysis alone is not possible, so you should consult a doctor immunologist. The coincidence of the men and women of 2 or more HLA antigens can lead to miscarriage or spontaneous abortion in small stages (two to three weeks from conception), therefore, a woman may not even be aware of the fact of conception. Often doctors evaluate this situation as the wisdom of nature, which she interrupts the further development of non-viable or carrying a hereditary disease of the body. In this situation it may be powerless and methods of IVF / ICSI. The reason is that each of our possession of a predisposition to a particular disease in itself is not a danger for the most offspring. However, in situations where there is a connection between two people who have the same propensity for one disease, the likelihood that a child is born, not suffering from the disease, decreasing significantly.

Next Steps

The question "What do I do next?" Of concern to all couples who have had a problem is identified genetic similarity. To answer it, the couple must decide whether they will continue to further attempts to conceive a common child, assessing all risks, or seek the services of the bank donor eggs and sperm. Since the choice to be very serious, before making a decision you should make sure that you own the full information and if necessary, ask the opinion of several experts in the field of genetics and immunology.

If the couple opts for further attempts at conceiving a child in common, we can recommend to immunize - active or passive.

Active immunization - a wife immunization concentrated lymphocyte culture husband or donor, which allows you to deal with the problem of similarity pairs for HLA-antigens. Through this procedure, a woman's body "learns" to recognize cells husband. Procedure is performed by using a drug that is made from the blood of husband or donor in three stages.

Opinions of physicians and geneticists immunologists regarding the effectiveness of immunotherapy lymphocytes were divided in half. One half of this method considers the means of salvation, and the other does not see any sense. Definitely one can say that active immunization has not been studied to the end and the final data on its effectiveness yet. Nevertheless, many researchers hope that this procedure will provide childbearing, although not completely relieve parents of the possible risk of having a child with hereditary diseases. Unfortunately, this procedure immunization lymphocytes now possible only in a few major cities.

Passive immunization does not require extensive training and more accessible indicators of its effectiveness are very different. This method consists in immunizing women immunoglobulin preparations, appoint a doctor, usually in three stages.

If your pair will take for themselves to use donor material, then in the near future, you may be able to become parents of a small miracle, even if the resulting cost of such an incredibly difficult decision.

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